I am working on a curve right now; not a huge variety of info in it yet, so not sure of the reliability, and the rounding on science page is annoying too!
y = 1.018054e^-0.006045x (ONLY ACCURATE UP TO ~60 points over the cap ... I have an updated curve below)
where y is the effectiveness of the category in question, and x is the number of skill points over the cap in that category.
recruit = 0 skill points
novice = 1 skill point
graduate = 1.5 skill points
professor = 2 skill points
in a few days ill probably create more data points by moving/stacking a lot of science in couple categories